This book discusses poverty reduction and inclusive development in China. The relevant research reports included here combine unique perspectives and thorough analysis, and include both comparative and empirical analyses. Although China is the first country to have achieved the UN's Millennium Development Goals, it still faces enormous problems and challenges in terms of narrowing the income gap, reducing poverty and attaining sustainable development. This book not only provides valuable theoretical material to help readers understand inclusive development and poverty reduction in today's China, but also offers relevant government authorities a solid theoretical and practical basis for informed decision-making.

This book discusses poverty reduction and inclusive development in China. The relevant research reports included here combine unique perspectives and thorough analysis, and include both comparative and empirical analyses. Although China is the first country to have achieved the UN's Millennium Development Goals, it still faces enormous problems and challenges in terms of narrowing the income gap, reducing poverty and attaining sustainable development. This book not only provides valuable theoretical material to help readers understand inclusive development and poverty reduction in today's China, but also offers relevant government authorities a solid theoretical and practical basis for informed decision-making.

Explainable recommendation attempts to develop models that generate not only high-quality recommendations but also intuitive explanations. It tries to address the problem of why: by providing explanations to users or system designers, it helps humans to understand why certain items are recommended by the algorithm, where the human can either be users or system designers. Explainable recommendation helps to improve the transparency, persuasiveness, effectiveness, trustworthiness, and satisfaction of recommendation systems, and facilitates system designers for better system debugging.In recent years, a large number of explainable recommendation approaches have been proposed and applied in real-world systems. This survey provides a comprehensive review of the explainable recommendation research. The authors first highlight the position of explainable recommendation in recommender system research by categorizing recommendation problems into the 5W (what, when, who, where, and why). They then conduct a comprehensive survey of explainable recommendation on three perspectives: (1) a chronological research timeline of explainable recommendation; (2) a two-dimensional taxonomy to classify existing explainable recommendation research; (3) a summary of how explainable recommendation applies to different recommendation tasks. The authors also devote a section to discuss the explanation perspectives in broader IR and AI/ML research and end the survey by discussing potential future directions to promote the explainable recommendation research area and beyond.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th EAI International Conference on Game Theory for Networks, GameNets 2017, held in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA, in May 2017. The 10 conference papers and 5 invited papers presented cover topics such as smart electric grid, Internet of Things (IoT), social networks, networks security, mobile service markets, and epidemic control.

This brief presents research results on social cognitive radio networks, a transformational and innovative networking paradigm that promotes the nexus between social interactions and cognitive radio networks. Along with a review of the research literature, the text examines the key motivation and challenges of social cognitive radio network design. Three socially inspired distributed spectrum sharing mechanisms are introduced: adaptive channel recommendation mechanism, imitation-based social spectrum sharing mechanism, and evolutionarily stable spectrum access mechanism. The brief concludes with a discussion of future research directions which ascertains that exploiting social interactions for distributed spectrum sharing will advance the state-of-the-art of cognitive radio network design, spur a new line of thinking for future wireless networks, and enable novel wireless service and applications.

Darriwilian to Sandbian Graptolites from Northwest China provides information on the exquisite, mostly-pyritic graptolites of middle to late Ordovician from North China and Tarim, China. These locations have developed the most complete successions of strata and fossil records of the time in the world. It provides the first systematic account of the renowned graptolite faunas with over 100 species belonging to 45 genera and 15 families preserved in black shale and limestone, with plentiful elaborate figures, camera-lucida illustrations and color photos of graptolites.

The book presents many aspects of the graptolites during the critical transition from middle to late Ordovician, including new morphologies, classification of latest convention, diversity change and evolutions, and based on which a refined biostratigraphy divisions and correlation with other major regions or continents. The book is useful for paleontologists, stratigraphic specialists, petroleum geologists, and graduate students of various fields in geology.
Presents the first monograph of the middle to late Ordovician graptolites from Northwest ChinaOffers four color figures and photos throughoutIncorporates knowledge and opinions from many top influential Ordovician graptolite and conodont paleontologists

This SpringerBrief explains how to leverage mobile users' social relationships to improve the interactions of mobile devices in mobile networks. It develops a social group utility maximization (SGUM) framework that captures diverse social ties of mobile users and diverse physical coupling of mobile devices. Key topics include random access control, power control, spectrum access, and location privacy. This brief also investigates SGUM-based power control game and random access control game, for which it establishes the socially-aware Nash equilibrium (SNE). It then examines the critical SGUM-based spectrum access game, and pseudonym change game for personalized location privacy. The authors propose future work on extending the SGUM framework to negative social ties, to demonstrate relevance to security applications and span the continuum between zero-sum game (ZSG) and non-cooperative game (NCG). Social Group Utility Maximization targets researchers and professionals working on mobile networks and social networks. Advanced-level students in electrical engineering and computer science will also find this material useful for their related courses.